Emotions (PSY 218) Syllabus

Syllabus for Bard College PSY 218 in Fall 2021

Justin Dainer-Best https://affectlab.bard.edu/ (Bard College)https://psychology.bard.edu/
Course Number Time Location Online Office Hours
PSY 218 M/W, 10:20-11:40 Olin 203 Th, 10:00-11:30

Make an appointment to come to my office hours.

Pre-requisites: Introduction to Psychological Science.

This course fulfills the psychology major’s Cluster A requirement.

Overview

This course explores the psychological process and experience of emotion. Emotions influence what we pay attention to, what we remember, and how we behave. In this course we will discuss current psychological understanding of emotional processing; as well as theories of emotion including evolutionary accounts, categorical theories, and dimensional approaches. We will learn about the neural and physiological processes underlying emotions as well as the psychological processes that affect emotional perception, expression, and regulation. We will also cover how the dysregulation of emotions can result in psychopathology. Readings will include fiction and nonfiction accounts, empirical and review articles, and case studies.

The course is discussion-based; you will be “getting your hands dirty” with research, discussions of theories and case studies, and debates. You should come to class having read the reading for that day and prepared to ask questions and interrogate it.

This course will sometimes discuss topics that are sensitive or personal for many students. If something discussed in class leaves you feeling upset, please speak to a trusted person about your experience. Further, if you find that you are struggling to cope with some of the topics discussed in class, you may contact Bard Counseling Services, and make an appointment; you may also email or call 845-758-7433.

Land Acknowledgment

In the spirit of truth and equity, it is with gratitude and humility that we acknowledge that this class will take place on the sacred homelands of the Munsee and Muhheaconneok people, who are the original stewards of this land. Today, due to forced removal, the community resides in Northeast Wisconsin and is known as the Stockbridge-Munsee Community. We honor and pay respect to their ancestors past and present, as well as to future generations, and we recognize their continuing presence in their homelands. We understand that our acknowledgment requires those of us who are settlers to recognize our own place in and responsibilities towards addressing inequity, and that this ongoing and challenging work requires that we commit to real engagement with the Munsee and Mohican communities to build an inclusive and equitable space for all.

Objectives

By the end of the semester you should…

Instructor

The instructor for this course is Assistant Professor of Psychology Justin Dainer-Best (he/him/his).

Materials

Readings

This course does not use a textbook. Readings will be assigned through PDFs posted to the Brightspace page.

All readings should be accessible to a screen reader; if you need one but the reading is not processed correctly, please let me know and I will convert it, or you may do so using this conversion tool. You should complete each reading in preparation for class, as listed below on the schedule.

Class Policies

Attendance

We will move at a rapid pace; material that is missed due to absence will not be repeated in class or office hours. Our classes are designed as interactive, and your absence will impact both your own understanding and the class or your group. Missing multiple days of group work may impact your grade.

However, this is a college class and you are an adult; your attendance is your decision. Late arrivals can be disruptive to the class, especially in the current moment. Consistent patterns of lateness are unfair to other students. Please be on time.

If you are not feeling well, please do not come to class.

Masks

If you have recently been ill, please feel free to wear a mask when you attend; masks are effective at reducing spread of many respiratory illnesses. Each of us shares responsibility for the health and safety of all in the classroom. For the first two weeks of class, all students (and the instructor) are required to wear masks. Following these two weeks, we will follow College guidance, but you may choose to wear a mask at any time.

Accommodations & Accessibility

Bard College is committed to providing equal access to all students. If you anticipate issues related to the format or requirements of this course, please contact me so that we can arrange to discuss. I would like us to discuss ways to ensure your full participation in the course. Together we can plan how best to support your learning and coordinate your accommodations. Students who have already been approved to receive academic accommodations through disability services should share their accommodation letter with me and make arrangements to meet as soon as possible if necessary.

If you have a learning difference or disability that may relate to your ability to fully participate in this class, but have not yet met with the Disability Support Coordinator at Bard, you can contact their office through https://www.bard.edu/accessibility/students/ or by emailing ; the Coordinator will confidentially discuss the process to establish reasonable accommodations. Please note that accommodations are not retroactive, and thus you should begin this process as soon as possible if you believe you will need them.

Additionally, as my office in Preston Hall may be physically difficult to access, you may always request to meet with me in another location if we plan to meet in-person.

Diversity, Equity, & Inclusion

It is important to me that this course provides an open and supportive learning environment for all students. I invite you to speak with me if you have concerns or questions regarding issues of belonging, safety, or equity in the classroom. I want our discussions to be respectful of all students. If I am not helping the classroom to feel like an inclusive environment, I invite you to provide me with [anonymous] feedback. All forms of knowledge regarding emotions are valuable in this class.

Plagiarism and Academic Integrity

I expect you to be familiar with what plagiarism is and is not. You may not present someone else’s work as your own without proper citation. You may not copy someone else’s work. You may not simply reword text from another source without giving credit. Please cite others’ work where relevant, and use your own writing. If you are not sure about the definition of plagiarism, or whether something constitutes plagiarism, please consult with me or with someone at Bard’s Learning Commons. Students caught plagiarizing will be reported to the Academic Judiciary Board, will get no credit for the assignment, and may fail the course.

I operate from the standpoint that you are interested in learning this material, and are doing your best to operate with integrity.

Cell phones and laptops

Before class, you should silence your cell phone, and you should not be on your phone during class unless you are asked to be (e.g., to respond to a poll). I do not recommend taking notes on your phone as a rule. I do recommend taking notes on paper wherever possible. If you text or access materials unrelated to class during our class time, you are mentally absent from class.

When using a laptop, I encourage you to turn off notifications / turn on Do Not Disturb whenever possible. Browsing unrelated materials is distracting to you and also to your classmates.

Late Assignments

Most assignments can be turned in within two days of their due dates without penalty. For example, if an assignment is due before class on a Monday, it may be turned in by Wednesday at midnight without penalty. However, please note that many assignments are intended to develop into conversations; even if you have not turned in a final document to me, you should be prepared to discuss your work in class.

Assignments may still be turned in after their late date. However, such assignments are considered “missing” (see section on grading below). If your work is consistently turned in late, this also may impact your grade unless you discuss this lateness with me. All assignments are due by the last day of the semester.

Assignments

Group papers

At three planned points throughout the semester, you and several classmates will discuss specific topics:

  1. Theories of emotion
  2. Types of emotion
  3. New emotions

Each group will create a single document incorporating all group members’ work and answering the questions for that topic. You will be graded based on your completing all components of the assignment. You do not need to include a breakdown of who did what, but all of your names should be on the paper. (I recommend using reverse alphabetical order for listing—authorship order is irrelevant in these day projects.) Group papers are due one week following the class in which they are assigned.

The class after each group project, you and your group will prepare a 5-minute presentation discussing what you designed. These presentations do not need to include slides, but they may. This will receive a separate grade as a group (except in special cases where grades may differ).

At the end of the semester, you will work individually to convert one of these group papers into a longer project (a “polished project”). Such projects can be a short podcast (\(\approx\) 3–5 minutes), a website, a creative project, or any alternative that extends and adapts the projects into a larger form. These polished projects will be graded on their ability to inform the audience about the topic, how well they connect to the previous paper, and their ability to add information or knowledge. Generally speaking, a statement that connects the project to the paper should precede the project.

Group presentation grading

I suggest that your group discuss the presentation and potentially practice in advance. Your presentation should strive to be no longer than 3min 30s while also reviewing your conclusions, which means that you should work to condense your ideas into an approachable format and be sure to take turns speaking.

Presentations will receive the highest scores for interaction (i.e., the presentation suggests that it stems from collaboration), discussion of specific (named) theory or research, and appropriate use of visuals (slides/images/notes on the board).

Missed group work due to absences

Students who miss a group work day (e.g., due to illness) should plan to turn in a shorter version of the same assignment (approximately half of the designed length) that they complete alone. Such assignments will be available on Brightspace.

They should also either plan to speak for 90 seconds describing their work in class, or plan to submit a 90s video recording to me (via Google Drive or other link). Students who solely miss the presentation day should submit a 90s video recording, which can speak to the group’s ideas. (If the absence is due to illness, students may without penalty request an extension for these assignments; they should suggest alternative due dates.)

Research proposal

You will write two drafts of a research proposal paper. The first draft, due early in the semester (see the schedule), will solely expound on a research question that you think bears further scrutiny—i.e., it will be a literature review. This draft (\(\approx\) two single-spaced pages) should incorporate at least four research articles that you find yourself. The first draft should direct to a specific research question, but should not yet include hypotheses or methods. It must address significance: why would this matter?

Towards the end of the semester, you will revise this introduction based on my feedback and a classmate’s feedback, and develop a research methodology. Your research methodology must be something that you could carry out with minimal support (i.e., it cannot involve large sums of money, serious pathology, or complicated instruments). You should also briefly include a “predicted results” section (what would you expect to find?) and a “conclusion” which discusses what your results might mean if they happened as you expect.

The final draft should therefore include the following sections and subsections:

Grades

Grade Range
A-range 90-100
B-range 80-89
C-range 70-79
D-range 60-69
F below 60
Assignment Points
Group papers 30
Group presentations 15
Polished project 20
Proposal paper first draft 15
Proposal paper final draft 20
Total 100

Your grades in this course will come from the assignments described above: three group papers and three group presentations, one polished project, and a research proposal with two drafts. The rough draft and two group papers are due before midterm.

Completing the reading and thoughtfully participating in the class is an important component of your learning. If you must miss a group paper, you should plan to complete the work individually, and contact me to receive the assignment.

As discussed above, all assignments may be turned in up to two days late without penalty. Assignments turned in later than that will not receive full points—at maximum a point off for each day late.

Schedule

The schedule may change over the course of the semester. Changes to assignment dates will be announced via email and also changed on the course website. You are responsible for keeping up with the readings, showing up to class prepared, and turning in assignments on-time.

Readings are listed by author last name; PDFs can be found on Brightspace.

Day Date Topic Reading Due
Monday Aug 30 What is an emotion? Syllabus
Wednesday Sep 1 Function of Emotion Keltner & Gross (1999)
Monday Sep 6 Group paper 1: Theories of Emotion
Wednesday Sep 8 Presentations 1; Theories of Emotion: Somatic Lang (1994); optional: Cannon (1927) Presentations
Monday Sep 13 Theories of Emotion: Two-Factor Theory Schachter & Singer (1962) Group paper 1
Wednesday Sep 15 Theories of Emotion: Evolutionary
Monday Sep 20 Theories of Emotion: Neurobiological Keltner et al. (2014, 2006)
Wednesday Sep 22 Theories of Emotion: Neurobiological II Dalgleish (2004); optional: LeDoux (2000)
Monday Sep 27 Theories of Emotion: Dimensional Approaches Scherer et al. (2013)
Wednesday Sep 29 Basic Emotions? Ekman (1992)
Monday Oct 4 Facial Expressions Ekman & Friesen (1975); Crawford (2021) First draft
Wednesday Oct 6 Comments on each others’ papers; Group paper 2: Types of Emotions
Monday Oct 11 No Class: Fall break (Indigenous People’s Day)
Wednesday Oct 13 Emotion Regulation Gross (2002) Group paper 2
Monday Oct 18 Presentations 2; Emotion Dysregulation Hofmann et al. (2012) Presentations
Wednesday Oct 20 Consequences of Dysregulation Polack et al. (2021)
Monday Oct 25 Disordered Emotions Beck (1979)
Wednesday Oct 27 Empathy Zaki & Ochsner (2018)
Monday Nov 1 Happiness Lyubomirsky & Layous (2013)
Wednesday Nov 3 Sadness Freud (1917)
Monday Nov 8 Shame Morrison (1983) Final draft
Wednesday Nov 10 Anger Gutierrez & Giner-Sorolla (2007)
Monday Nov 15 Disgust Armstrong et al. (2010)
Wednesday Nov 17 Fear Smits et al. (2004)
Monday Nov 22 Group paper 3: New emotions
Wednesday Nov 24 No class: Thanksgiving break
Monday Nov 29 Presentations 3; Cultural understandings of emotion Matsumoto & Hwang (2012) Presentations; Group paper 3
Wednesday Dec 1 Emotion development in children Widen (2018)
Monday Dec 6 Social and Emotional Learning Mahoney et al. (2020)
Wednesday Dec 8 No class: Advising day
Monday Dec 13 Completion week Polished project
Wednesday Dec 15 Completion week

Licensing

This syllabus is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 license (CC BY-NC 4.0). You are free to share and adapt this material for non-commercial purposes, giving appropriate credit.

Armstrong, T., Olatunji, B. O., Sarawgi, S., & Simmons, C. (2010). Orienting and maintenance of gaze in contamination fear: Biases for disgust and fear cues. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 48(5), 402–408. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2010.01.002
Beck, A. T. (1979). Cognitive Therapy and the Emotional Disorders. In Chapter 4 & 5. Penguin Group.
Cannon, W. B. (1927). The James-Lange theory of emotions: A critical examination and an alternative theoryames-Lange theory of emotions: A critical examination and an alternative theory critical examination and an alternative theory. The American Journal of Psychology, 39(1/4), 106–124. https://doi.org/10.2307/1415404
Crawford, K. (2021). Artificial intelligence is misreading human emotion. The Atlantic. https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2021/04/artificial-intelligence-misreading-human-emotion/618696/
Dalgleish, T. (2004). The emotional brain. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 5(7), 583–589. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrn1432
Ekman, P. (1992). An argument for basic emotions. Cognition and Emotion, 6(3-4), 169–200. https://doi.org/10.1080/02699939208411068
Ekman, P., & Friesen, W. V. (1975). Unmasking the face: A guide to recognizing emotions from facial clues (pp. 10–20). Prentice-Hall.
Freud, S. (1917). Mourning and melancholia. In J. Strachey (Ed. & Trans.), The Standard Edition of the Complete Psychological Works of Sigmund Freud, Volume XIV (1914-1916): On the History of the Psycho-Analytic Movement, Papers on Metapsychology, and Other Works (pp. 243–258). The Hogarth Press.
Gross, J. J. (2002). Emotion regulation: Affective, cognitive, and social consequences. Psychophysiology, 39(3), 281–291. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0048577201393198
Gutierrez, R., & Giner-Sorolla, R. (2007). Anger, disgust, and presumption of harm as reactions to taboo-breaking behaviors. Emotion, 7(4), 853–868. https://doi.org/10.1037/1528-3542.7.4.853
Hofmann, S. G., Sawyer, A. T., Fang, A., & Asnaani, A. (2012). Emotion dysregulation model of mood and anxiety disorders. Depression and A|nxiety, 29(5), 409–416. https://doi.org/10.1002/da.21888
Keltner, D., & Gross, J. J. (1999). Functional accounts of emotions. Cognition and Emotion, 13(5), 467–480. https://doi.org/10.1080/026999399379140
Keltner, D., Oatley, K., & Jenkins, J. M. (2014, 2006). Chapter 6. In Understanding Emotions (3rd ed., pp. 137–160). Kohn Wiley & Sons.
Lang, P. J. (1994). The varieties of emotional experience: A meditation on James-Lange theory. Psychological Review, 101(2), 211–221. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.101.2.211
LeDoux, J. E. (2000). Emotion circuits in the brain. Annual Review of Neuroscience, 23(1), 155–184. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.neuro.23.1.155
Lyubomirsky, S., & Layous, K. (2013). How do simple positive activities increase well-being? Current Directions in Psychological Science, 22(1), 57–62. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721412469809
Mahoney, J. L., Weissberg, R. P., Greenberg, M. T., Dusenbury, L., Jagers, R. J., Niemi, K., Schlinger, M., Schlund, J., Shriver, T. P., VanAusdal, K., & Yoder, N. (2020). Systemic social and emotional learning: Promoting educational success for all preschool to high school students. American Psychologist. https://doi.org/10.1037/amp0000701
Matsumoto, D., & Hwang, H. S. (2012). Culture and emotion: The integration of biological and cultural contributions. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 43(1), 91–118. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022022111420147
Morrison, A. P. (1983). Shame, ideal self, and narcissism. Contemporary Psychoanalysis, 19(2), 295–318. https://doi.org/10.1080/00107530.1983.10746610
Polack, R. G., Everaert, J., Uddenerg, C., Kober, H., & Joormann, J. (2021). Emotion regulation and self-criticism in children and adolescence: Longitudinal networks of transdiagnostic risk factors. Preprint in PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/vaef2
Schachter, S., & Singer, J. (1962). Cognitive, social, and physiological determinants of emotional state. Psychological Review, 69(5), 379–399. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0046234
Scherer, K. R., Shuman, V., Fontaine, J., & Soriano Salinas, C. (2013). The GRID meets the wheel: Assessing emotional feeling via self-report. In J. J. R. Fontaine, K. R. Scherer, & C. Soriano (Eds.), Components of Emotional Meaning: A Sourcebook (pp. 281–298). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199592746.003.0019
Smits, J. A., Powers, M. B., Cho, Y., & Telch, M. J. (2004). Mechanism of change in cognitive-behavioral treatment of panic disorder: Evidence for the fear of fear mediational hypothesis. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 72(4), 646–652. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-006X.72.4.646
Widen, S. C. (2018). The development of children’s concepts of emotion. In L. F. Barrett, M. Lewis, & J. M. Haviland-Jones (Eds.), Handbook of Emotions (4th ed., pp. 307–318). Guilford Press.
Zaki, J., & Ochsner, K. (2018). Empathy. In L. F. Barrett, M. Lewis, & J. M. Haviland-Jones (Eds.), Handbook of Emotions (4th ed., pp. 871–884). Guilford Press.

References